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Test Name:
Sperm Antibodies, Direct Assay, Semen
- SBMF No:
42258 - Performance Lab Name:
Mayo Medical Laboratories - Test Mnemonic:
SAA DIRECT - ABN:
Required – Not FDA-Approved - CPT Code:
89325 - LOINC Code:
19146-0 - Ref Lab Test No:
89882 - Also Known As:
Antisperm Antibodies
Immunobead Test
Sperm Antibody Assay - Also See:
42259 Sperm Antibodies, Indirect Assay, Serum - Spec Type:
Viable Semen (Sperm and Seminal Plasma) - Spec Container:
Collection Kit supplied by Mayo (Mayo supply code T356) - Pref Vol:
Entire specimen - Min Vol:
Variable, based on sperm parameters - Patient Prep:
Patient should have 2 to 7 days of sexual abstinence at the time of collection for accurate results
Contact the laboratory to schedule sample collection
Collections may be performed Monday through Thursday only and not the day before a holiday - Spec Collect:
Sample should be collected at SBMF Central Laboratory to insure timely processing and same-day shipment to Mayo
If sample collection must take place at another location please contact Client Services to arrange direct referral to Mayo
Masturbation is the preferred means by which to collect the specimen as it is the method that is least likely to contaminate the sperm
Prior to collection by masturbation, thoroughly wash hands and genitals with plain soap and water. Rinse free of all soap residue and dry. (Remember that it is very important that the laboratory receives a non-contaminated specimen, so take care to avoid touching the tip of the penis)
Do not use a condom for collection unless otherwise instructed
Do not use creams or lubricants during collection
The penis should not come in contact with the vagina during specimen collection unless otherwise instructed
Ejaculate 1 time only directly into clean, dry, wide mouth container (obtain container from laboratory)
Entire specimen must be submitted for accurate test results (mishaps in specimen collection require collecting another specimen at a later time)
Immediately after collection, assure that lid is securely tightened and keep container in upright position - Spec Process:
Sample must be processed within 60 minutes of collection following the instructions enclosed with the collection kit
Label specimen as "Semen for Direct Assay" - Spec Store Transport:
Refrigerated - Spec Stability:
24 hours refrigerated (2-8°C) - Spec Reject:
Frozen or room temperature sample
Sample not processed within 60 minutes of collection - Methodology:
Immunobead Technique - Use:
As the preferred test and specimen type (semen) for males suspected of sperm antibodies, this test is indicated in the investigation of male infertility:
- As a follow-up test when sperm agglutination is noted in the ejaculate
- In men with a history of testicular trauma, biopsy, vasectomy reversal, genital tract infection, or obstructive lesions of the reproductive ductal system - Clinical Significance:
Sperm antibodies are associated with some cases of infertility. For fertilization to occur, the sperm head must first attach to the zona pellucida of the egg. Sperm antibodies interfere with this binding. While there is consensus that these antibodies play a role in infertility, the percentage of sperm that must be bound by antibodies before fertility is adversely affected is less clear. - Reference Range:
<50% total binding
Interpretation:
Results are reported as:
- Percentage of sperm with positive binding
- Class of antibody involved (IgG and/or IgA)
- Site of binding (head, midpiece, tail, and/or tail tip)
Greater than 50% binding is usually required to significantly lower a patient's fertility.
The significance of the percentage binding is inversely related to the patient's sperm count.Cautions:
Sperm antibody testing is not recommended for routine infertility testing.
In cases where specimen production presents difficulties, a serum specimen can be tested. Refer to Sperm Antibody, Indirect, Serum (42259).Clinical Reference:
1. Bronson R, Cooper G, Rosenfeld D: Sperm antibodies: their role in infertility. Fertil Steril 1984;42:171-183
2. Marshburn PB, Kutteh WH: The role of antisperm antibodies in infertility. Fertil Steril 1994;61:799-811 - Additional Test Info:
Analyte Specific Reagent.
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. This test has not been cleared or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. - Day Run:
Mon-Fri - Time Run:
8:30 am - Time Reported:
Within 4 days - Test Type:
IMMUNOLOGY
