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Test Name:
Testosterone, Total, Free, Bioavailable, and SHBG


  • SBMF No:
    30033
  • Performance Lab Name:
    Manual Lab
  • Test Mnemonic:
    TEST/SHBG
  • ABN:
    Not required
  • CPT Code:
    84270; 84403
  • LOINC Code:
    2986-8; 1751-7; 13967-5; 2991-8; 2990-0
  • Test Includes:
    Free Testosterone (calculated)
    Total Testosterone
    Bioavailable Testosterone (calculated)
    Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)
  • Also Known As:
    Bioavailable Testosterone
    Free Androgen Index (FAI)
    Free Testosterone Index
    Testosterone Panel
  • Also See:
    30101 Testosterone, Total
    30032 Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)
  • Spec Type:
    Serum
  • Spec Container:
    Gold top (SST) or red top (serum) tube
  • Pref Vol:
    1.0 mL
  • Min Vol:
    0.6 mL
  • Fasting:
    No
  • Spec Collect:
    Routine venipuncture
  • Spec Process:
    Clot 30 minutes
    Promptly centrifuge 15 minutes
    Immediately transfer serum to separate plastic tube
    Properly centrifuged gel barrier tube sample does not require transfer of serum to separate tube
  • Spec Store Transport:
    Refrigerated
  • Spec Stability:
    1 week refrigerated (2-8°C)
  • Methodology:
    Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA)
  • Use:
    Evaluation of sexual dysfunction, gonadal failure, and evaluation of hirsutism
  • Clinical Significance:
    Testosterone circulates in plasma in either free form or bound to plasma proteins. The binding proteins include the specific sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and nonspecific proteins like albumin. Historically, only the free form of testosterone was thought to be biologically active; however, some testosterone that is nonspecifically and weakly bound to albumin can dissociated freely, becoming available for tissue uptake through the capillary bed. Free and albumin-bound testosterone levels are considered to be “bioavailable.”Blood testosterone levels depend on rates of production, interconversion, metabolic clearance, and binding protein concentrations. Medication, various disease states, age, and some hormones can alter SHBG levels; therefore, concentrations of free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone more accurately reflect bioactive levels of testosterone than the measurement of total testosterone.For patients with suspected protein abnormalities, such as nephritic syndrome, cirrhosis of the liver, or pregnancy, bioavailable testosterone should be measured rather than free testosterone.
  • Reference Range:

    Testosterone, Total
    Male: 280-800 ng/dL
    Female: 6-82 ng/dL

    Testosterone, Free (Calculated)
    Male: 47-244 pg/mL
    Female: 0.6-6.8 pg/mL

    Testosterone, Bioavailable (Calculated)
    Male: 131-682 ng/dL
    Female: 1.6-19.1 ng/dL

    Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG)
    Male: 10-57 nmol/L
    Female: 18-144 nmol/L

  • Day Run:
    Mon, Wed, Fri
  • Time Run:
    8:00 am
  • Time Reported:
    5:00 pm
  • Test Type:
    HORMONE

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