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Test Name:
Benzodiazepines Screen, by EIA, Urine
- SBMF No:
29082 - Performance Lab Name:
Automated Lab - Test Mnemonic:
U BENZ - ABN:
May be required – Medical Necessity - CPT Code:
80101
Medicare: G0434 - LOINC Code:
14316-4 - Test Includes:
Nitrazepam
7-NH2-Flunitrazepam
7-NH2-Nitrazepam
Flurazepam
Alprazolam
Halazepam
a-OH-Alprazolam
Lorazepam
Alprazolam Glucuronide
Lorazepam glucuronide
Bromazepam
Lormetazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
Medazepam
Clobazam
Nordiazepam - Also Known As:
Alpha-hydroxy-alprazolam
Alpha-hydroxy-triazolam
Librium®
N-desmethyl diazepam
Oxazepam
Temazepam
Tranquilizers
Valium® - Spec Type:
Urine, random - Spec Container:
Plastic container with tightly fitting lid - Pref Vol:
1.0 mL - Min Vol:
0.3 mL - Fasting:
No - Spec Collect:
Routine random urine collection - Spec Store Transport:
Refrigerated - Spec Stability:
1 week refrigerated (2-8°C) - Spec Reject:
Adulterated urine sample (if adulteration suspected, recollect sample) - Methodology:
Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) [Moderate Complexity] - Use:
Used in the diagnosis and treatment of benzodiazepine use or overdose - Clinical Significance:
Benzodiazepines belong to a broad classification of CNS-depressant drugs known as sedative/hypnotics. The first benzodiazepine was chlordiazepoxide (Librium®), which was introduced in 1960. Currently, more than 15 benzodiazepine compounds are marketed in the US. They are prescribed as anxiolytics, sleeping agents, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxers, and also widely used for preanesthetic medication and to supplement, induce, and maintain anesthesia. Benzodiazepines are commonly administered orally in pill form.Although widely prescribed, benzodiazepines are also abused, usually by polydrug abusers, who take them for their euphoriant effects. Chronic benzodiazepine use can cause physical dependence, with withdrawal symptom of insomnia, agitation, irritability, muscle tension, and, in more severe cases, hallucinations, psychoses, and seizures.Benzodiazepines vary greatly, but in general, they are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, distribute widely to body tissues, and because they are lipid soluble, readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and are stored in fatty tissues, from which they are slowly released. They are extensively metabolized by the liver. Depending on the drug, the resulting metabolites may be inactive glucuronide or sulfate conjugates or active compounds that may appear in higher concentrations and have longer half-lives than the parent drug. Half lives of benzodiazepines range between 5 and 150 hours, whereas half lives of their active metabolites may be as long as 250 hours. For this reason and the lipophilicity of these drugs, the urine of chronic benzodiazepine users may test positive for weeks or even months after discontinuation of use. - Reference Range:
Expected Values: Results of the assay distinguish positive (greater than or equal to 200 ng/mL) from negative samples only
The amount of drug detected in a positive sample cannot be estimated - Day Run:
Sun-Sat (daily) - Time Run:
As received - Time Reported:
4 hours - Test Type:
TOX-TDM
