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Test Name:
Glucose, Cerebrospinal Fluid
- SBMF No:
29006 - Performance Lab Name:
Automated Lab - Test Mnemonic:
CSF GLU - ABN:
Not required - CPT Code:
82945 - LOINC Code:
2342-4 - Also Known As:
Cerebrospinal Fluid Glucose
CSF Glucose - Spec Type:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - Spec Container:
Sterile plastic tube with screw-top cap - Pref Vol:
1.0 mL - Min Vol:
0.3 mL - Fasting:
No - Spec Collect:
Collected by physician - Spec Process:
Promptly centrifuge 15 minutes
Immediately transfer supernatant to separate plastic tube - Spec Store Transport:
Refrigerated (3 days) or frozen - Spec Stability:
24 hours room temperature (20-30°C) if free of cells
3 days refrigerated (2-8°C) if free of cells
Frozen (-20°C) indefinitely – Do not use frost-free units that undergo repeated freeze/thaw cycles - Spec Reject:
Hemolyzed sample - Methodology:
Enzymatic - Use:
Evaluate meningitis, neoplastic involvement of meninges, other neurological disorders; diagnose neuroglycopenia, even in the presence of normal plasma glucose, especially in chlorpropamide (Diabinese) poisoning - Clinical Significance:
Elevation of CSF glucose implies hyperglycemia 2-4 hours earlier. Significantly decreased cerebrospinal fluid glucose levels are less than 40 mg/dL in fasting patient with normal plasma glucose. Acute viral meningitis is often differentiated from acute bacterial meningitis, because the latter is characterized by a CSF glucose less than 30 mg/dL, a CSF glucose-to-blood glucose ratio less than 0.2-0.3 as well as a protein greater than 200 mg/dL, a CSF polymorphonuclear count greater than 1000/mm3 and an 80% to 90% likelihood of positive Gram's stain, in an illness often occurring during the winter in a child younger than 2 years of age.The gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is the culture. Decreased CSF glucose is characteristically, but not invariably, found in tuberculous, fungal, and amebic meningitis as well as in bacterial meningitis. Glucose is usually normal in viral meningitis, but in herpes or mumps meningoencephalitis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, and enteroviruses, glucose may be low. Sarcoidosis and neurosyphilis are also reported causes of low CSF glucose. Other very uncommon causes of low CSF glucose include meningeal cysticercosis, trichinosis, and with the chemical meningitis that accompanies intrathecal therapy. Low CSF glucose may also occur in subarachnoid hemorrhage and neoplasia (e.g., medulloblastoma). Low CSF glucose may be found in CNS leukemia. Decrease has led to the diagnosis of insulinoma presenting with CNS symptoms. Rheumatoid meningitis and lupus myelopathy may cause low CSF glucose. CSF glucose levels equal to or less than 20 mg/dL are highly correlated with bacterial meningitis. - Reference Range:
50-75 mg/dL - Day Run:
Sun-Sat (daily) - Time Run:
As received - Time Reported:
4 hours - Test Type:
CSF
