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Test Name:
Kappa/Lambda Free Light Chains, Quantitative, with Ratio, Serum


  • SBMF No:
    23217
  • Performance Lab Name:
    Immunology
  • Test Mnemonic:
    K/L QNT
  • ABN:
    Not required
  • CPT Code:
    83883x2
  • LOINC Code:
    33944-0; 36916-5; 40844-3
  • Also Known As:
    Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains, Serum
  • Also See:
    23050 Serum Immunofixation
    23057 Serum Protein Electrophoresis
  • Spec Type:
    Serum
  • Spec Container:
    Gold top (SST) or red top (serum) tube
  • Pref Vol:
    0.5 mL
  • Min Vol:
    0.3 mL
  • Fasting:
    No
  • Spec Collect:
    Routine venipuncture
  • Spec Process:
    Clot 30 minutes
    Promptly centrifuge 15 minutes
    Immediately transfer serum to separate plastic tube
  • Spec Store Transport:
    Refrigerated
  • Spec Stability:
    3 weeks (21 days) refrigerated (2-8°C)
    Greater than 3 weeks, freeze (-20°C) – do not use frost-free units that undergo repeated freeze/thaw cycles
  • Spec Reject:
    Hemolyzed or lipemic sample
  • Spec Remarks:
    Separate serum from cells ASAP or within 8 hours of collection
  • Methodology:
    Latex-Enhanced, Nephelometric Immunoassay
  • Use:
    Measurements of free light chains in serum or urine aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple myeloma, lymphocytic neoplasms, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, amyloidosis, light chain deposition disease, and connective tissue diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Clinical Significance:
    Free light chains (FLC) is a more sensitive test than serum or urine immunofixation (IF) and it is a valuable tool for diagnosing and monitoring patients with secretory and nonsecretory multiple myeloma. Nearly all multiple myeloma patients have increased FLC. Monitoring of FLC provides a quicker indication of response to therapy than monoclonal or total immunoglobulins due to its shorter half-life and the larger clinical ranges of FLC concentrations. 100% of patients with light-chain multiple myeloma, 75% with nonsecretory myeloma, and more than 95% with primary amyloidosis could be diagnosed using FLC.
  • Reference Range:
    Free Kappa: Less than or equal to 22.2 mg/L
    Free Lambda: Less than or equal to 34.4 mg/L
    Ratio Kappa/Lambda: 0.410-1.430
  • Day Run:
    Tue, Thu, Sat
  • Time Run:
    8:00 am
  • Time Reported:
    5:00 pm
  • Test Type:
    PROTEIN

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